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Design of Shell and Tube Air Preheater as a Boiler Exhaust Gas Utilizer at PT. Panasia Indo Resources Tbk.

Skripsi, 005 / 2021 / TKE
Undergraduate Theses from JBPTPPOLBAN / 2022-12-28 10:27:18
Oleh : Aldi Fikri Maulana - 171734003 (aldi.fikri.tken417@polban.ac.id)
Dibuat : 2022-12-28, dengan 4 file

Keyword : air preheater, boiler, gas buang, Shell and tube, udara
Subjek : air, air preheater, flue gas, Boiler, Shell and tube

Boiler di PT Panasia merupakan alat pembangkit uap yang digunakan untuk pembangkit listrik. Boiler ini memiliki temperatur gas buang tinggi 386.78 ℉, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan panasnya kembali. Pemanfaatan gas buang dapat menggunakan alat penukar panas air preheater. Air preheater digunakan sebagai solusi karena dapat memanfaatkan panas gas buang untuk memanaskan udara. Pemanasan udara sebelum masuk ruang bakar dapat meningkatkan efisiensi boiler. Air preheater tipe Shell and tube dipilih dikarenakan memiliki kelebihan luas perpindahan panas yang tinggi serta mudah dalam perawatannya. Penelitian perancangan air preheater menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan data primer dan data sekunder yang bersumber dari industri terkait, jurnal, simulasi, dan textbook. Data perancangan dianalisis berdasarkan perhitungan manual dengan validasi software HTRI. Data proses sistem boiler dianalisis berdasarkan validasi software Aspen Hysys. Hasil Perancangan manual menunjukkan nilai faktor kekotoran (0.00414) yang memenuhi syarat untuk lebih besar dari nilai ketentuan (0.004). Nilai pressure drop gas buang pada sisi Shell bernilai 1.369 psi dan udara pada sisi tube bernilai 0.763 psi, dimana nilai ini memenuhi syarat untuk ≤ 2 psi. Temperatur gas buang yang awalnya 386.78 ℉ menjadi 302 ℉. Hasil singkronisasi air preheater menunjukkan pengurangan konsumsi per jam bahan bakar sebesar 905.5 lb. Besar efisiensi boiler dari 78.89 % bertambah menjadi 81.35 %. Investasi pembuatan air preheater sebesar Rp. 2.869.329.597. dengan keuntungan penghematan bahan bakar Rp. 1.861.704.206. Hasil analisis kelayakan ekonomi didapatkan nilai NPV sebesar Rp. 7.769.453.985. dan Payback Periode selama 1.63 tahun. Kata Kunci: air preheater, boiler, gas buang, Shell and tube, udara.

Deskripsi Alternatif :

Boiler at PT Panasia is a steam generator used for power generation. This boiler has a flue gas with 386.78 F temperature , the temperature is high so the heat can be reused. Utilization of these temperatures can use a air preheater heat exchanger. Air preheater is used as a solution because it can utilize the heat of exhaust gases to heat the air. Heating the air before entering the combustion chamber can increasing boiler efficiency. Shell and tube type air preheater was chosen because it has advantages, high heat transfer area and easy maintenance. Air preheater design research uses quantitative methods with primary data and secondary data sourced from related industries, journals, simulations, and textbooks. The design data were analyzed based on manual calculations which were validated with HTRI design software. Process data were analyzed based on the validation of the preheater water into the boiler system with Aspen Hysys software. The results of the manual design show that the value of the dirt factor (0.00414) that mean the requirements is greater than the value of the provision (0.004). The pressure drop value on the shell side is 1.369 psi and on the tube side it is 0.763 psi, where this value meets the requirements for less than equal to 2 psi. The exhaust gas temperature used was initially 386.78 F to 302 F. The results of the synchronization of the air preheater show a fuel reduction per hour 905.5 lb. The efficiency of the boiler is 78.89%, an increase of 2.46% so that the boiler efficiency becomes 81.35%. It takes an investment of Rp. 2,869,329,597. with a fuel saving advantage of Rp. 1,861,704,206. The results of the analysis based on economic feasibility obtained an NPV value of Rp. 7,769,453,985. and Payback Period for 1.63 years. Keyword: air, air preheater, flue gas, Boiler, Shell and tube.

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