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The Effect Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On National Resilience Of Political And Socio-Cultural Aspects In Indonesia

Research Report from JBPTPPOLBAN / 2022-01-07 09:05:26
Oleh : Fiorida Mathilda, M.H. - 196007131989032001 (fiorida.mathilda@polban.ac.id)
Dibuat : 2022-01-07, dengan 1 file

Keyword : COVID-19, ketahanan nasional, politik, sosial budaya

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) sudah menjadi pandemi karena jumlah kasusnya meningkat sangat pesat dan sudah menyebar luas di seluruh dunia. COVID-19 mulai menyebar di Indonesia sejak bulan Maret 2020. Pemerintah Indonesia telah menerapkan beberapa kebijakan seperti Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat, dan vaksinasi COVID-19 namun kasusnya belum juga berakhir. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pandemi COVID-19 ini merupakan tantangan dan ancaman bagi ketahanan nasional. Ada delapan elemen yang mendukung tercapainya ketahanan nasional Indonesia yaitu aspek geografis, kekayaan alam, demografis, ideologi, politik, ekonomi, sosial budaya serta pertahanan keamanan. Beberapa penelitian sudah membuktikan adanya pengaruh negatif yang disebabkan pandemi COVID-19 terhadap aspek pendidikan dan ekonomi, namun masih jarang yang membahas pengaruh pandemi tersebut terhadap aspek politik dan sosial budaya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pandemi COVID-19 terhadap ketahanan nasional aspek politik dan sosial budaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review. Strategi pencarian literatur didasarkan pada analisis masalah terhadap Population, Intervention, Comparation, Output, Study, Time (PICOST). Setelah dilakukan pencarian literatur didapatkan 4 jurnal nasional yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandemi COVID-19 bisa meningkatkan partisipasi politik jika masyarakat memahami kewajibannya sebagai warna negara dan pemerintah menciptakan sistem pemilihan yang taat protokol kesehatan. Pandemi COVID-19 memberikan pengaruh positif bagi masyarakat untuk lebih mengutamakan kesehatan dan memiliki cara berpikir saintis namun di sisi lain dapat memberikan pengaruh negatif seperti peningkatan kasus kriminalitas, perceraian, kekerasan pada perempuan dan anak, serta kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan.

Deskripsi Alternatif :

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic because the number of cases is increasing very rapidly and has spread widely throughout the world. COVID-19 began to spread in Indonesia since March 2020. The Indonesian government has implemented several policies such as Large-Scale Social Restrictions, Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities, and COVID-19 vaccinations but the cases have not yet ended. This shows that the COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge and a threat to national security. There are eight elements that support the resilience of Indonesia's national security, namely geographical aspects, natural wealth, demography, ideology, politics, economy, socio-culture and defense and security. Several studies have proven the negative influence caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on education and economic aspects, but it is still rare to discuss the impact of the pandemic on political and socio-cultural aspects. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on national resilience in political and socio-cultural aspects. The research method used is a systematic literature review. The search strategy is based on a problem analysis of Population, Intervention, Comparison, Output, Study, Time (PICOST). After doing a literature search, 4 national journals were found that met the inclusion criteria. The results show that the COVID-19 pandemic can increase political participation if the public feels their obligation as the color of the state and creates an election system that obeys health protocols. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a positive influence on society to prioritize health and have a scientific way of thinking, but on the other hand it could have a negative impact such as increased cases of crime, divorce, violence against women and children, and unwanted pregnancies.

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