GDL

Literature Study on The Utilization of Corn Cob Cellulose as Bioplastic Raw Material

Tugas Akhir, 039 / 2020 / TKI
Undergraduate Theses from JBPTPPOLBAN / 2021-08-06 14:54:20
Oleh : Hafizha Tsalis Nailatuzzulfa - 171411080 & Tresna Kemala Dewi - 171411094 (hafizha.tsalis.tkim17@polban.ac.id)
Dibuat : 2021-08-06, dengan 4 file

Keyword : Bioplastic, Corn Cob, Cellulose, Glycerol, Organosolv
Subjek : Bioplastik, Tongkol Jagung, Selulosa, Gliserol, Organosolv

Bioplastik merupakan polimer biodegradable yang dapat dibuat dari berbagai polimer alam seperti pati dan selulosa. Penelitian terkait bioplastik berbahan selulosa belum banyak dilakukan. Tongkol jagung dengan kandungan selulosa 45% dan lignin 15% berpeluang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku bioplastik. Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui beberapa metode pembuatan bioplastik dari beragam polimer alam, menentukan metode pengolahan limbah tongkol jagung menjadi bioplastik, menentukan pengaruh penambahan gliserol dan kitosan terhadap karakteristik bioplastik serta pengaruh penambahan selulosa pada bioplastik berbasis pati-selulosa. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu mencari dan meninjau sumber pustaka sesuai kriteria; membandingkan proses, metode serta hasil penelitian dari literatur tersebut; melakukan pembahasan setiap literatur dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu bioplastik dapat dibuat dari selulosa jerami padi, selulosa daun nanas, campuran pati dan selulosa kulit buah pinang, campuran pati biji mangga dan selulosa serbuk kayu jati, serta campuran antara pati sorgum dan selulosa residu rumput laut (Eucheuma spinosum) dengan berbagai metode seperti inversi fasa dan sonikasi. Pengolahan limbah tongkol jagung menjadi bioplastik meliputi tahap pretreatment, tahap ekstraksi selulosa menggunakan metode organosolv dengan pelarut CH3COOH 90% dan katalis HCl 1% (v/v), dan tahap sintesis dengan metode inversi fasa dengan penambahan gliserol dan kitosan. Penambahan gliserol dapat meningkatkan elastisitas dan kemampuan degradasi namun menurunkan kekuatan tarik dan ketahanan terhadap air. Pada kondisi tertentu dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tarik dan ketahanan bioplastik terhadap air, serta menunjukkan keretakan dan permukaan tidak merata pada uji SEM. Penambahan kitosan dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tarik dan ketahanan bioplastik terhadap air, serta tidak membentuk gugus fungsi baru pada uji FTIR. Penambahan selulosa pada bioplastik berbasis pati-selulosa dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tarik dan persen elongasi hingga titik tertentu, meningkatkan ketahanan bioplastik terhadap air dan mempermudah proses degradasi. Selain itu, pencampuran antara pati dan selulosa tertentu dapat menyebabkan campuran kurang homogen dan membentuk gugus fungsi baru.

Deskripsi Alternatif :

Bioplastics are biodegradable polymers that can be made from various natural polymers such as starch and cellulose. There has not been much research on cellulosic based bioplastics. Corn cobs with 45% cellulose and 15% lignin have the opportunity to be used as a raw material for bioplastics. This literature study aims to determine several methods of making bioplastics from various natural polymers, determine the method of processing corn cob waste into bioplastics, determine the effect of adding glycerol and chitosan on the characteristics of bioplastics, and the effect of adding cellulose to starch-cellulose-based bioplastics. The research stages were carried out, namely finding and reviewing library sources according to the criteria; comparing processes, methods, and research results from the literature; discuss each literature and conclude. The results obtained are that bioplastics can be made from rice straw cellulose, pineapple leaf cellulose, a mixture of starch and areca nut skin cellulose, a mixture of mango seed starch and teak wood powder cellulose, and a mixture of sorghum starch and seaweed residue cellulose (Eucheuma spinosum) with various methods such as phase inversion and sonication. The processing of corn cobs waste into bioplastics includes the pretreatment stage, the cellulose extraction stage using the organosolv method with 90% CH3COOH solvent and 1% (v / v) HCl catalyst, and the synthesis stage using the phase inversion method with the addition of glycerol and chitosan. The addition of glycerol can increase elasticity and degradability but decrease the tensile strength and resistance to water. Under certain conditions, it can increase the tensile strength and resistance of bioplastics to water, and show cracks and uneven surface in the SEM test. The addition of chitosan can increase the tensile strength and resistance of bioplastics to water and does not form new functional groups in the FTIR test. The addition of cellulose to starch-cellulose-based bioplastics can increase the tensile strength and percent elongation to a certain point, increase the resistance of the bioplastic to water, and facilitate the degradation process. Also, the mixing between starch and certain cellulose can cause the mixture to be less homogeneous and form new functional groups.

Beri Komentar ?#(0) | Bookmark

Properti	Nilai Properti
ID Publisher	JBPTPPOLBAN
Organisasi
Nama Kontak	Erlin Arvelina
Alamat	Jl. Trsn. Gegerkalong Hilir Ds. Ciwaruga
Kota	Bandung
Daerah	Jawa Barat
Negara	Indonesia
Telepon	022 201 3789 ext. 168, 169, 239
Fax	022 201 3889
E-mail Administrator	erlin.arvelina@polban.ac.id
E-mail CKO	erlin.arvelina@polban.ac.id